The opening and baking of the submerged electric furnace in the ferroalloy industry

 

(1)Oven

After the furnace body of the electric furnace is built, the furnace needs to be baked before it is officially put into production. The so-called oven is an operation in which the furnace lining and electrodes are gradually adapted to the feeding and smelting by means of heating. The main purpose of the oven is to dry the lining and roast the electrode. The quality of the oven will not only affect the service life of the furnace lining, but also affect whether the electric furnace can be put into production smoothly. The oven of the electric furnace should be carried out in strict accordance with the oven schedule under normal circumstances. The length of the oven time depends mainly on the size of the oven, the type of lining, the type of ferroalloy and the oven method. The whole oven process is divided into two stages: the first stage is wood baking, oil baking or coke baking, the purpose of which is to bake the electrode, so that the electrode has a certain ability to withstand current; The second stage is electric baking, and the purpose is to further The electrodes are baked, the furnace lining is dried, and the furnace lining reaches a certain temperature to adapt to the feeding and smelting.

(2)Preparation work before the oven

①Inspection and commissioning

All equipment systems must be fully inspected and commissioned (such as conductive systems, water cooling systems, electrode suspension systems, batching systems, electrode lifting systems, electrode pressure and discharge systems, lifting systems, closed furnaces also include closed systems, Gas purification system, etc.).

②Padded clay bricks

In order to prevent the electrode from sticking to the furnace bottom, a 65mm clay brick should be placed on the carbon brick under the electrode first, and then the bottom electrode should be steadily seated on the clay brick.

③Install electrode paste

Put a sufficient amount of electrode paste in the bottomed electrode shell to ensure that the height of the paste column above the copper tile in the electrode cylinder is 2~3m in order to obtain a sintered dense electrode.

④Put the holder to the upper limit position

Put the electrode holder to the upper limit position so that the electrode has a long enough working end to ensure that there is a sintered electrode that is long enough in the subsequent power supply process.

⑤Electrode barrel piercing

A large amount of volatile matter escapes from the electrode during the firing process. In order to ensure the smooth escape of volatile matter, accelerate the electrode sintering speed, and prevent the electrode barrel from swelling, the electrode shell at the working end of the electrode can be uniform pierce some small holes with a diameter of 2mm.

⑥ Put a steel pipe in the taphole

Put a steel pipe with a diameter of 80~100mm inside and outside the tap hole, fill the middle with coke powder, and plug the two ends with mud balls. Sometimes, in order to facilitate ventilation, the taphole does not need to be blocked.

⑦Adjust the cooling water and air volume

The electrodes and other equipment bear less heat at the beginning of the oven, so the cooling water only needs to be turned to the minimum amount at the beginning of the cycle to keep the water flowing smoothly. The electrode fan does not need to be turned on. In the future, the amount of cooling water and the air volume of the electrode fan will be appropriately adjusted according to the melting of the electrode paste and the heating of the equipment.

⑧Flower baskets or spray guns for laying flower walls

When coking, a flower wall should be built around the three electrodes with clay bricks, or a flower basket should be welded with steel bars to hold the coke. The flower basket is hung on the electrode holder. The height of the flower wall or flower basket depends on the length of the firing electrode. Generally, it should be ensured that the electrode to be fired can be surrounded by the burning coke from beginning to end. If the oil is baked, a certain number of low-pressure spray guns are required.

⑨Paving coke powder

In order to prevent oxidation of the carbon bricks at the bottom of the furnace, after all preparations are completed, a layer of coke powder with a thickness of about 100mm is placed on the bottom of the furnace and then baked. Experiments have proved that in order to make the wood-fired, oil-fired or coke-fired process comply with the electrode sintering law, the following principles should be strictly observed: the electrode baking position is from bottom to top; the fuel combustion flame is from small to large.

Article Source:The opening and baking of the submerged electric furnace in the ferroalloy industry

Company name ：Luoyang Wanhao New Material Co., Ltd.

More Refractory Products: http://www.wanhaorefractory.com/en/product.html

Website: http://www.wanhaorefractory.com/

submerged electric furnace

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